Idolatry (pañimàpåjà) is the practice of worshipping and praying to statues, regarding them to be a god or some revered person. While statues are used in some Buddhist påjàs, no informed Buddhist believes them to be the Buddha himself, nor do they `pray' to these statues. In the 7th century the Chinese monk Yijing wrote: `Although the Great Teacher has attained nirvana images of him still exist. These can be venerated as if he were still in the world.' No one who has made even the slightest effort to understand Buddhism or Buddhist rituals could believe that Buddhists are idolaters. And of course, there have been people who have made an effort to understand.
The Muslim mathematician Al Bãrånã who travelled through India in the early 11th century said that only simple ignorant people thought statues of gods to actually be gods; a mistake that the philosophers and theologians did not make (Taþqãq ma li-l-hind XI). A Muslim work called Dabistan al-Madhhàhib composed in India in the late 15th century says: `Strangers to their (Buddhists' and Hindus') faith might think that they look upon the statue as the deity but this is certainly not the case. This is what they believe; that the statue is only a representation of the deity, for the deity itself has neither shape nor form.' The English Christian Robert Knox who spent many years living in Sri Lanka in the 17th century wrote this of the Sinhalese attitude to Buddha statues: `As for these images, they say they do not own them to be Gods themselves but only Figures representing their Gods to their memories, and as such, they give them honour and worship.' Those today who continue to insist that Buddhism is a form of idolatry are guilty of either willful ignorance or deliberate dishonesty. See Joy.